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Definition of melancholy : 1. Depressed in spirits; dejected; gloomy dismal.
2. Depression of spirits; a gloomy state continuing a considerable time; deep dejection; gloominess.
3. Favorable to meditation; somber.
4. Great and continued depression of spirits, amounting to mental unsoundness; melancholia.
5. Ill nature.
6. Pensive maditation; serious thoughtfulness.
7. Producing great evil and grief; causing dejection; calamitous; afflictive; as, a melancholy event.
8. Somewhat deranged in mind; having the jugment impaired.

Synonyms:

reflective, subdued, depressing, affliction, saddening, heavyhearted, disappointment, heartsick, mourning, heartrending, pathetic, heartbreaking, tearful, tribulation, cogitative, dull, unhappiness, tristful, cast down, melancholic, dumps, sorry, drear, feelings, homesick, teary, down in the mouth, somber, dispiriting, ruminative, heavy-hearted, doleful, crestfallen, musing, meditative, sorrowful, desolation, unhappy, thoughtful, downcast, dysphoria, wo, unfortunate, sober, dysphoric, brokenhearted, inconsolable, low-spirited, saddened, heavy-heartedness, ruminant, doldrums, woebegone, remorse, mope, trouble, happy, down, regret, droopy, low, despondence, bad, heartsore, drab, black bile, sombre, funk, wretched, gloom, desolate, distress, hangdog

grief, dolor, lamentation, sorrow, ululation, dolefulness

hopeless, dismal, pessimistic, spiritless, desperate, forlorn, cheerless, bleak

contrary, dour, dissociable, long-faced, crabby, broody, grouchy, unsociable, malevolent, hostile, moping, unfriendly, dark, grumpy, cross, fretful, sour, irascible, scowling, cynical, obstinate, beetle-browed, mean, petulant, surly, ungenial, uncooperative, cantankerous, noncooperative, sulky, frowning, glowering

grumpiness, unfriendliness, meanness, irascibility, sourness, darkness, cantankerousness, long-facedness, dourness, contrariness, malevolence, crossness, fretfulness, crabbiness, petulance, sulkiness, surliness, cynicism, obstinacy, hostility, grouchiness

blues, sadness, ennui, sullenness, woefulness, anxiety, contemplativeness, mournfulness, plaintiveness, wistfulness, moodiness, grimness, pensiveness, dolorousness, dreariness, joylessness

desperation, abandonment, discouragement, heartlessness, glumness, gloominess, cheerlessness, forlornness, hopelessness, bleakness, anguish, despondency, moroseness, despair, pessimism, dispiritedness, misery, spiritlessness, dejection, depression, disheartenment, downheartedness

contemplative, discouraged, disconsolate, grim, dejected, anxious, downhearted, woeful, heartbroken, gloomy, lachrymose, sullen, despondent, dreary, depressed, disheartened, overcome, glum, mournful, despairing, moody, anguished, joyless, morose, plaintive, wistful, sad, blue, miserable, pensive, dispirited, dolorous

Usage examples:

• Persons who suffer with the liver have melancholy, consumptive patients have cheerful visions. - "Modern Magic", Maximilian Schele de Vere.
• And in her voice, too, there was a touch of melancholy, as if she had caught his mood. - "The Garden Of Allah", Robert Hichens.
• This hour of twilight is the silent and melancholy one. - "The Call of the Canyon", Zane Grey.